ENACTED LEGISLATION
ARIZONA: School districts must contact previous employers prior to hiring
Summary: HB 2023 is amended to require school districts to contact former employers prior to employing an applicant and to conduct a search of the Educator Information System. The amendments further state that a school district may not employ an applicant in a position that requires a valid fingerprint clearance card if that applicant's certificate has been suspended, surrendered, or revoked by the Board of Education or if disciplinary action has been brought against the applicant.
Impact(s): Arizona State schools
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ILLINOIS: New legislation amends the Illinois Human Rights Act
Summary: Effectively immediately, SB1480 amends the Illinois Human Rights Act and imposes new requirements on employers in conducting background checks. Specifically, the law will prohibit an employer from taking an adverse action based on a criminal record unless: "(1) there is a substantial relationship between one or more of the previous criminal offenses and the employment sought or held or (2) the granting or continuation of employment would involve an unreasonable risk to property or to the safety or welfare of specific individuals or the general public." "Substantial relationship" is defined as a "consideration of whether the employment position offers the opportunity for the same or a similar offense to occur and whether the circumstances leading to the conduct for which the person was convicted will recur in the employment position." An employer must consider the following factors in making a substantial relationship determination:
  1. the length of time since the conviction;
  2. the number of convictions that appear on the conviction record;
  3. the nature and severity of the conviction and its relationship to the safety and security of others;
  4. the facts or circumstances surrounding the conviction;
  5. the age of the employee at the time of the conviction; and
  6. evidence of rehabilitation efforts.

In addition, "if, after considering the mitigating factors..., the employer makes a preliminary decision that the employee's conviction record disqualifies the employee, the employer shall notify the employee of this preliminary decision in writing," and the notice shall include the following:

  1. notice of the disqualifying conviction or convictions that are the basis for the preliminary decision and the employer's reasoning for the disqualification;
  2. a copy of the conviction history report, if any; and
  3. an explanation of the employee's right to respond to the notice of the employer's preliminary decision before that decision becomes final. The explanation must inform the employee that the response may include, but is not limited to, submission of evidence challenging the accuracy of the conviction record that is the basis for the disqualification or evidence in mitigation, such as rehabilitation.

The employee will have 5 days to respond to the notification before the employer can make a final decision. "If the employer makes a final decision to disqualify or take an adverse action solely or in part because of the employee's conviction record, the employer shall notify the employee in writing of the following:

  1. notice of the disqualifying conviction or convictions that are the basis for the final decision and the employer's reasoning for the disqualification;
  2. any existing procedure the employer has for the employee to challenge the decision or request reconsideration; and
  3. the right to file a charge with the Department."
Impact(s): Illinois employers
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WASHINGTON: Post-secondary institutions must request information from an applicant's prior and current post-secondary educational institution employers prior to hiring
Summary: Effective July 1, 2021, prior to extending an offer of employment, a postsecondary educational institution must request that the applicant's current and past post-secondary educational institution employers disclose any sexual misconduct committed by the applicant. Additionally, the postsecondary educational institution must ask the applicant if he or she is or was the subject of any substantiated findings of sexual misconduct, or is currently being investigated for, or has left a position during an investigation into, a violation of any sexual misconduct policy at the applicant's current and past employers. The applicant may be asked to provide an explanation of the situation. These requirements are set forth under RCW 28B.112.080.

A post-secondary educational institution with information about a past employee's sexual misconduct will be required to disclose such information during a reference or background check for employment purposes, even if the employer does not ask.

Additionally, RCW 28B.112.080 implements current requirements that became effective on October 1, 2020. These requirements mandate that an employer obtain a signed statement from an applicant with certain provisions. If the applicant refuses signature, the employer may not hire the applicant. The written provisions include:

  • A declaration whether the applicant is a current or former subject of sexual misconduct, is currently being investigated for sexual misconduct, or left during a violation of any sexual misconduct policy at a current or past employer
  • An authorization for the employer to contact past and current employers regarding any incident of sexual misconduct1
  • A release of liability for the applicant's current and past employers, and employees acting on behalf of that employer

By July 1, 2021, post-secondary educational institutions must have a procedure in place for disclosing information requested under RCW 28B.112.080. Post-secondary educational institutions are expected to keep all personal information of the complainant and any witnesses confidential, unless those individuals agree to disclose such information.


1 Past and current employers will be required to provide any relevant documents.

Impact(s): Washington State post-secondary institutions
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PROPOSED LEGISLATION
ILLINOIS: New legislation introduced that will revise the Illinois Biometric Information Privacy act
Summary: House Bill 559 has been introduced seeking to revise the Illinois Biometric Information Privacy Act ("BIPA"). The new law would give the employer 30 days to correct an individual's written claim of violation of BIPA. If the employer corrects the violation within the 30-day period and provides the employee with a written statement explaining that the violation has been cured and no further violations shall occur, the employee would not be permitted to file an action against the employer. If the violation continues, however, an action would be permitted to be filed by the employee "within one year after the cause of action accrued." Currently, the Act provides that an employer may convert a scan of an individual's body feature into a unique numerical identifier. The new bill seeks to exempt "information derived from biometric information that cannot be used to recreate the original biometric identifier."

The Bill would also remove three provisions involving damages:

  1. BIPA's $1,000 liquidated damages provision for "negligent violations" of the Act;
  2. BIPA's $5,000 liquidated damages provision for "intentional or reckless" violations of the Act;
  3. BIPA's "for each violation" language that proceeded these penalties.

The Bill will limit an individual's recovery and attorney's fees and liquidated damages that would have been available for individuals who prove that an entity willfully violated BIPA. Additionally, it would exempt any private entity that has employees covered by a collective bargaining agreement "that provides for different policies regarding the retention, collection, disclosure, and destruction of biometric information." Lastly, the Bill would remove the requirement that a company obtain a "written release" and add language to BIPA that informed written consent would satisfy BIPA's consent requirement.

Impact(s): Illinois employers
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OTHER
U.S. DISTRICT COURT FOR THE SOUTHERN DISTRICT OF NEW YORK: Applicant claims a major delivery company for violation of the New York City Fair Chance Act
Summary: In November of 2020, Plaintiff completed an online application for a job as a package handler for a major delivery company. Part of the application included the plaintiff consenting to a background check. Plaintiff was sent the results of his report but was never contacted to discuss the position or his application.

Plaintiff's suit alleges that the company violated New York City's Fair Chance Act by conducting the background check and considering his criminal history prior to extending a conditional job offer. Furthermore, Plaintiff is requesting permission from the court to represent a class of job applicants with criminal records who were denied employment by the employer in New York City.

The employer said it is reviewing the allegations and will defend the lawsuit.

Impact(s): New York City Fair Chance Act - for general legal review
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U.S. DISTRICT COURT FOR THE CENTRAL DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA: Lawsuit filed against major wireless network operator for failure to provide proper disclosures
Summary: Plaintiff, a former employee, initially lodged the suit on behalf of the proposed class in the Superior Court of the State of California; a few weeks ago, the suit was transitioned to California federal court. The suit claims that the former wireless network operator employer ("Defendant") violated both the Fair Credit Reporting Act (FCRA) and the state's Investigative Consumer Reporting Agencies Act (ICRAA) by improperly conducting background research on their staff and job candidates.

Plaintiff's claims are based on the premise that the Defendant failed to provide proper disclosures to employees and applicants prior to conducting a background check. The complaint further alleges that the employer failed to secure requisite authorizations as required under the FCRA. Furthermore, the Plaintiff alleges that the contents of this background check led to his termination.

The proposed class includes all prospective employees and/or employees employed by, or formerly employed by Defendant in the United States who, as a condition of employment, were required to submit to a background check and who filled out Defendant's standard FCRA disclosure form at any time during the period beginning five years prior to the filing of the complaint. Grant and the proposed FCRA class seek compensatory and statutory damages, penalties and punitive damages.

Defendant responded to allegations by asserting a total of 49 "separate and distinct" defenses indicating compliance with both the FCRA and the ICRAA in handling both Grant's and the proposed class members' consumer reports. One of Defendant's specific claims is that the Plaintiffs failed to read Defendant's background check disclosure thoroughly or at all.

Impact(s): Background check compliance - for general legal review
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